Topic: Jordan: If a business invests the money necessary to implement ecologically sound practices, its market share will decrease. But if it doesn’t implement these practices, it pollutes that environment and wastes resources.
Terry: But if consumers demand environmental responsibility of all businesses, no particular business will be especially hurt.
In which one of the following exchanges is the logical relationship between Jordan’s and Terry’s statements most similar to the logical relationship between their statements above?
(A) Jordan: Either it will rain and our plans for a picnic will be thwarted or it won’t rain and the garden will go yet another day without much-needed watering.
Terry: But if it doesn’t rain, we can buy a hose and water the garden with the hose.
(B) Jordan: Each person can have either an enjoyable life or a long life, for one must eat vegetables and exercise continuously to stay healthy.
Terry: That’s not true: there are many happy health-conscious people.
(C) Jordan: If taxes are raised, many social problems could be solved, but if they’re lowered, the economy will grow again. So we can’t have both social reform and a growing economy.
Terry: But if taxes remain at their current level, neither social problems nor the economy will get worse.
(D) Jordan: If we remodel the kitchen, the house will be more valuable, but even if we do, there’s no guarantee that we’ll actually get more for the house when we sell it.
Terry: But if we don’t remodel the kitchen, we might get even less for the house than we paid for it.
(E) Jordan: If the dam’s spillway is opened, the river might flood the eastern part of town, but if the spillway is not opened, the dam might burst.
Terry: There’s no real danger of the dam’s bursting, but if we get more heavy rain, opening the spillway is the most prudent policy.
“Jordan: If a Business Invests the Money Necessary to Implement Ecologically Sound Practices, Its Market Share will Decrease.” – this is a GMAT Critical question. This particular GMAT Critical Reasoning topic has been taken from the book ‘McGraw-Hill's 10 ACT Practice Tests’. In this particular topic, candidates need to choose the option that best suits the passage. GMAT critical reasoning tests the logical and analytical skills of the candidates. Critical reasoning in GMAT requires candidates to find the strengths and weaknesses of the argument, or find the logical flaw in the argument. The GMAT CR section contains 10 -13 GMAT critical reasoning questions out of 36 GMAT verbal questions.
Answer: A
Explanation: We need to figure out the reasoning of the argument provided and then we will try to figure out the logic. This will help to put the logic in A and B format.
Now, the question will be put in the format:
Jordan: If a business invests the money necessary to implement ecologically sound practices, its market share will decrease. But if it doesn’t implement these practices, it pollutes that environment and wastes resources.
Jordan: If A does X, something bad will happen to A. If A doesn't do X, something bad will happen to B.
Terry: But if consumers demand environmental responsibility of all businesses, no particular business will be especially hurt.
Terry: If C does D, A doing X will not be bad.
Now this is the logic used by the argument:
Jordan: If A does X, something bad will happen to A. If A doesn't do X, something bad will happen to B.
Terry: If C does Y, A doing X will not be bad.
We will use the options and explain one by one.
(A) Jordan: Either it will rain and our plans for a picnic will be thwarted or it won’t rain and the garden will go yet another day without much-needed watering. Terry: But if it doesn’t rain, we can buy a hose and water the garden with the hose.
Jordan: If it rains, something bad will happen to us. If it doesn't rain something bad will happen to garden.
Terry: If we do X, raining will not be bad.
That logic does parallel our original logic. Hence, this is the correct answer.
(B) Jordan: Each person can have either an enjoyable life or a long life, for one must eat vegetables and exercise continuously to stay healthy.
Terry: That’s not true: there are many happy health-conscious people.
Jordan: One can get only one thing at a time A or B.
Terry: No, both can be had together.
This does not fit the logic, making it not appropriate.
(C) Jordan: If taxes are raised, many social problems could be solved, but if they’re lowered, the economy will grow again. So we can’t have both social reform and a growing economy. Terry: But if taxes remain at their current level, neither social problems nor the economy will get worse.
Jordan: If A does X, good things will happen. If A does opposite of X, other good things will happen. So both good things cannot happen simultaneously.
Terry: If nothing is done, no bad thing will happen.
This does not fit the logic, making it not appropriate.
(D) Jordan: If we remodel the kitchen, the house will be more valuable, but even if we do, there’s no guarantee that we’ll actually get more for the house when we sell it. Terry: But if we don’t remodel the kitchen, we might get even less for the house than we paid for it.
Jordan: If we do X, a good thing will happen but no guarantee about another good thing.
Terry: If we do not do X, a bad thing may happen.
Since, there is no guarantee, this does not fit the logic, making it not appropriate.
(E) Jordan: If the dam’s spillway is opened, the river might flood the eastern part of town, but if the spillway is not opened, the dam might burst. Terry: There’s no real danger of the dam’s bursting, but if we get more heavy rain, opening the spillway is the most prudent policy.
Jordan: If X happens, a bad thing may happen but it X doesn't happen, another bad thing may happen.
Terry: Chances of the other bad thing are low. Doing X may be most prudent.
This does not fit the logic, making it not appropriate.
Hence, A is the correct answer.
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