Question: The federal government expects hospitals to perform 10,000 organ transplants next year. But it is doubtful that this many donor organ will be available since the number of fatalities resulting from car and motorcycle accidents has been dropping steadily over the past decade.
The argument above makes which of the following assumptions?
(A) A significant number of the organs used in transplants come from people who die in car and motorcycle accidents.
(B) The number of car and motorcycle accidents will increase significantly during the next year.
(C) No more than 10,000 people will be in need of organ transplants during the next year.
(D) In the past the federal government's estimates of the number of organ transplants needed during a given year have been very unreliable.
(E) For any given fatality resulting from a car or motorcycle accident, there is a hospital in the vicinity in need' of an organ for a transplant
Answer: A
Explanation:
A GMAT Critical Reasoning section comprises of facts in the form of a short passage. In GMAT critical reasoning, the candidates are tested on their reasoning, logical and analytical thinking abilities.
Asumption is accidents give a big pool of donors. This is a missing linking between premise and conclusion.
Premise: The federal government expects hospitals to perform 10,000 organ transplants next year
Conclusion: It is doubtful that this many donor organ will be available since the number of fatalities resulting from car and motorcycle accidents has been dropping steadily over the past decade
Assumption: From the premise and conclusion, it can be derived that many number of transplants are done using the organs of people who dies in accidents.
(A) A significant number of the organs used in transplants come from people who die in car and motorcycle accidents. - This exactly states what we are looking for. The government expects many transplants to be made but they are doubtful if the organs will be available. This means that people are less likely to die from accidents now a days.
(B) The number of car and motorcycle accidents will increase significantly during the next year - This is the reverses of what is stated in the passage. The [passage states that there will be lesser accidents and hence, lesser deaths. Hence, this statement weakens the conclusion.
(C) No more than 10,000 people will be in need of organ transplants during the next year. - As per the passage the department expects to do 10,000 transplants. That does not means that there will be no more than 10,000 people in need of organ transplants. This does not have any effect on the conclusion or the argument. Hence, incorrect.
(D) In the past the federal government's estimates of the number of organ transplants needed during a given year have been very unreliable - This does not have any link to the number of deaths due to accidents. Hence, this is also irrelevent.
(E) For any given fatality resulting from a car or motorcycle accident, there is a hospital in the vicinity in need' of an organ for a transplant - This is related to the availability of organs in the hospitals. We cannot assume that there will be 10,000 accidents and the available organs will be present. This does not connect with the premise making it incorrect.
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